By Amir Saeed
ISLAMABAD— To build a smarter and more resilient power network, Pakistan should accelerate the integration of advanced technologies, such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Internet of Things (IoT), into its energy sector.
Challenges in Pakistan’s Energy Sector
Talking to WealthPK, Farhan Wahid, a green finance researcher at the Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad, highlights that smart grids, powered by AI and IoT, are rapidly becoming the backbone of energy ecosystems.
As Pakistan grapples with persistent challenges in energy security, grid reliability, and integration of renewable resources, these technologies are crucial for transforming the traditional power infrastructure.
Outdated Grid and Energy Efficiency Issues
“The country’s existing grid, marked by outdated systems and centralized control, faces significant inefficiencies and transmission losses, making it difficult to accommodate variable supply from renewable sources like solar and wind.
With the nation targeting 30% share of renewables in its energy mix by 2030, addressing these hurdles is more urgent than ever.’’
How AI and IoT are Transforming Smart Grids
The AI-driven smart grids offer a transformative approach to these issues. By harnessing real-time data from IoT-enabled sensors and leveraging advanced analytics, smart grids can optimize balance between supply and demand, predict equipment failures, and facilitate a seamless integration of distributed energy resources.
“AI can process large datasets from weather forecasts, solar irradiance, and wind speeds to generate accurate predictions of renewable energy output.
This enables grid operators to efficiently manage fluctuations, reduce reliance on fossil fuel-based backup power, and lower the operational costs and emissions, aligning with the country’s climate goals,’’ Farhan said.
Enhancing Energy Efficiency with IoT
He opined that IoT enhances these benefits by enabling granular, real-time monitoring and control of energy assets across the network. Smart meters, remote sensors, and automated controls allow for instant detection of outages, demand spikes, or inefficiencies, empowering utilities and consumers to make informed decisions.
“This is particularly significant in Pakistan, where a substantial portion of the population still lacks reliable electricity access. IoT-enabled smart grids can help target interventions and improve service delivery in underserved regions,’’ he said.
Collaborations and Initiatives for Digitalizing Pakistan’s Power Sector
Talking to WealthPK, Masroor Ahmed, Assistant Director at the Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA), highlighted that the country’s commitment to digitalizing its power sector is evident from collaborations, such as partnership with Germany under the GIZ-commissioned “Digitalization and Decarbonization of Power Distribution Networks” project.
“This initiative aims to enhance electricity supply, reduce system losses, and improve overall operations through advanced technologies and information systems, making the grid more efficient and climate-friendly,’’ he said.
Role of AI and IoT in Disaster Management and Climate Adaptation
He pointed out that the Center for Intelligence Systems and Network Research (CISNR) at the UET Peshawar is at the forefront of applying AI and IoT to smart grid technologies, disaster management, and climate adaptation, reflecting the growing role of academia and international partnerships in driving innovation and green skills among the youth.
He added that the convergence of AI and IoT in smart grid development offers Pakistan a pivotal opportunity to modernize its energy infrastructure, fully harness renewables, and build a resilient, sustainable energy future.
“With strategic investments, supportive policies, and continued collaboration among the government, private sector, and international partners, Pakistan can position itself at the forefront of the global energy transition,’’ he said.
